Bunker Oil Market Size is projected to reach USD 191.77 Billion by 2032, growing at A CAGR of 6.9%
Market Overview: The global bunker oil market had a value of USD 137.09 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 191.77 billion by 2032, with an expected annual revenue growth rate of 6.9% during the forecast period. The primary drivers of this revenue growth include the increasing demand for shipping services worldwide and the rapid expansion of maritime trade.
Ships rely on bunker oil to fuel their engines for
long-distance travel, making the robust growth of the global shipping industry
a key factor contributing to market expansion.
Adoption of advanced bunkering systems with enhanced
efficiency, safety features, and reduced emissions of harmful pollutants like
Sulfur oxides (SOx), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2) is also
poised to boost revenue growth in the global bunker oil market. The
International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandates the use of low-sulfur fuel
oil to mitigate the environmental impact of marine transportation, leading to
increased demand for low-sulfur bunker oil and further revenue growth.
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is witnessing high demand as a
bunker fuel due to its energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness in the marine
sector. LNG is environmentally friendlier compared to traditional bunker fuels,
significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Rising awareness of the need
to reduce carbon footprints and stricter emissions regulations are expected to
drive the demand for LNG as a bunker fuel, contributing to the growth of the
global bunker oil market.
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However, geopolitical uncertainties, fluctuations in crude
oil prices, and stringent environmental regulations imposed on the shipping
sector could hinder market revenue growth. The direct impact of bunker fuel
price fluctuations on crude oil prices may affect the market negatively.
Moreover, the shipping industry's increased costs due to strict emission
regulations, such as the IMO's sulfur cap regulations, could influence the
demand for bunker fuel.
Key Insights:
Fuel Grade Overview:
- The
global bunker oil market categorizes bunker fuel into three grades: marine
gas oil, intermediate fuel oil, and residual fuel oil. In 2021, the
segment selling residual fuel oil held the largest revenue share. Residual
fuel oil, a heavy fuel with high density and viscosity, is primarily used
in marine and industrial applications. Its lower price compared to other
fuel grades has been a significant factor affecting market growth.
However, concerns about its high sulfur content have led to regulations
mandating low sulfur fuel oil, impacting market expansion negatively.
End-Use Outlook:
- By
end-use, the bunker oil market segments into container ships, tankers,
bulk carriers, and others. The tanker segment accounted for the highest
revenue share in 2021 due to the substantial fuel consumption of these
vessels and the demand for cost-effective fuel options.
- The
container vessel segment is expected to experience significant growth
during the forecast period, driven by the increasing demand for container
shipping and the need to comply with environmental regulations. The use of
cleaner fuel alternatives, such as marine gas oil and low-sulfur fuel oil,
is a requirement for compliance, contributing to higher bunker oil prices
in this segment.
- The
bulk carrier segment is projected to grow steadily, mainly due to the need
for affordable fuel options in vessels that transport dry goods like coal,
iron ore, and grain.
- Other
vessel types, including passenger ships, offshore support vessels, and
fishing vessels, may see varying demand for bunker oil influenced by
vessel size, operational conditions, and regulatory compliance.
Regional Outlook:
- The
North American market is projected to expand at a moderate rate, supported
by a well-established shipping industry and rising energy sector
investments. The United States, one of the top bunker oil consumers
globally, benefits from extensive maritime trade. However, the transition
to eco-friendly and sustainable energy sources may affect bunker oil
demand. Increased use of LNG as a marine fuel is anticipated to contribute
to market growth in North America.
Competitive Landscape:
- Key
companies in the bunker oil market include Royal Dutch Shell plc,
ExxonMobil Corporation, BP plc, Total S.A., Chevron Corporation, Sinopec
Group, Lukoil, Gazprom Neft PJSC, Petrobras, and Valero Energy
Corporation.
Strategic Developments:
- In
2021, Royal Dutch Shell announced its commitment to achieving net-zero
emissions by 2050 or sooner, investing in initiatives such as low-carbon
biofuels and hydrogen as a marine fuel to reduce its carbon footprint in
the bunker oil market.
- ExxonMobil
partnered with the Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping
in 2020 to develop technologies and fuels for decarbonizing the shipping
industry, aiming to accelerate low-carbon solutions in the bunker oil
market.
- BP
invested $10 million in 2019 in LanzaTech, a biofuel company, to develop
and commercialize low-carbon fuels for the shipping industry, reducing the
carbon footprint of the bunker oil market.
- Total
S.A. partnered with CMA CGM, a French container transportation and
shipping company, in 2018 to develop LNG as a marine fuel, aiming to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality in the bunker oil
market.
New Product Launches:
- ExxonMobil
launched its EMF.5™ range of marine fuels in 2021, designed to meet IMO's
2020 regulations for low sulfur emissions while improving fuel efficiency.
- Royal
Dutch Shell introduced the Shell Alexia 40 lubricant oil for low-speed
marine engines in 2020, aiming to enhance engine reliability, reduce
maintenance costs, and comply with IMO 2020 regulations for low sulfur
emissions.
- Total
S.A. launched its Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO) range in 2019,
complying with IMO 2020 regulations to reduce sulfur emissions and improve
fuel efficiency.
- BP
introduced its BP Marine 0.50% sulfur fuel oil in 2018, meeting IMO 2020
regulations for low sulfur emissions, with the goal of improving engine
performance, reducing emissions, and complying with new regulations.
Market Segmentation:
- The
report provides historical data and forecasts revenue growth at the
global, regional, and country levels, with an analysis of market trends
within each segment and sub-segment from 2019 to 2032.
- The
global bunker oil market is segmented based on fuel grade, end-use, and
region.
Market Report Scope:
- Market
Size in 2022: USD 137.09 Billion
- CAGR
(2022 - 2032): 6.9%
- Revenue
Forecast in 2032: USD 191.77 Billion
- Base
Year for Estimation: 2022
- Historical
Data: 2020-2021
- Forecast
Period: 2022-2032
- Quantitative
Units: Revenue in USD Billion
- Report
Coverage: Revenue forecast, company rankings, competitive landscape,
growth factors, and trends
- Segments
Covered: By Fuel Grade Outlook, End-Use Outlook, Regional Outlook
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